Nephrite jade with high market value and production potential from the Chinese city of Hechi, in Guangxi Province, was tested by standard gemological methods, polarizing microscopy, scanning electron ...

The soothing soft pink shades of rose quartz appeal to gem carvers and collectors. – Valerie Power, courtesy Arunashi People accept a certain amount of sand, dirt, and dust as ordinary ingredients in ...

Colorless to yellow to intense orange sapphire will react quite differently to light or heat depending on the nature of the material and the origin of the color. The authors determined that there are ...

Whether you’re taking the next step in your professional journey or starting a new career, GIA courses and diploma programs prepare you for success. We offer the finest gem and jewelry education in ...

Many of the important gem minerals seen on today's market - aquamarine, tourmaline, and topaz, among others - come from an unusual type of rock known as a pegmatite. Gem-bearing pegmatites are ...

Diamond “type” is a concept that is frequently mentioned in the gemological literature, but its relevance to the practicing gemologist is rarely discussed. Diamonds are broadly divided into two types ...

Miners collect spinels from gravel at the end of a long day at Man Sin. Photo by Vincent Pardieu, © GIA. In the spring of 2001, I was studying gemology in Yangon ...

With proper care, citrine is a beautiful and versatile gemstone for jewelry use. – Robert Weldon Gem and mineral hardness is measured on the Mohs scale. The numbers are based on the relative ease or ...